Repair Hyundai Getz
Hyundai Getz. The maintenance+ 1. Operation and maintenance service
- 2. The engine
Technical characteristics of engines
Specifications of engines
Technical characteristics of engines in working volume of 1,5 and 1,6 l
Specifications of engines in working volume of 1,5 and 1,6 l
Technical characteristics of cars with engines in working volume 1,1
Engines in working volume of 1,1 and 1,3 l
Technical condition of the engine
Broad-brush observations on repair of engines
Removal and installation of the power unit
The general sequence of dismantling of the engine
Обкатка the engine after repair
Engine check on the car after repair
The block of cylinders
Shatunno-piston group
Cranked shaft and flywheel
Head of the block of cylinders
Camshaft and its drive
Cooling system
Greasing system
The power supply system
System of release of the fulfilled gases
Possible malfunctions of the engine, their reason and ways of elimination
Malfunctions of hydraulic pushers of valves
Malfunctions of system of giving of fuel and ways of their elimination
+ 3. Transmission
+ 4. A running gear
+ 5. A steering
+ 6. Brake system
+ 7. An electric equipment
+ 8. A body
9. Electric equipment schemes
Hyundai Getz>> The engine>> System of release of the fulfilled gases
Features of the device
The system of release of the fulfilled gases consists of a final collector, каталитического neutralizer, a reception pipe of mufflers, mufflers. Necessary for work with regulated каталитическим neutralizer the gauge of concentration of oxygen (ljambda-probe) is established in the case каталитического neutralizer.
The reception pipe of mufflers fastens to каталитическому to the neutralizer established on a flange of a final collector. All details are connected with each other by means of carving connections and can be replaced separately. After removal it is necessary to replace self-stopped nuts and linings new. Rubber rings of fastening of elements of system of release and rubber buffers should be checked on absence of cracks and damages, and if necessary – to replace. At installation of new system of release of the fulfilled gases it is recommended to replace and all elements of fastening.
Removal and installation of system of release
Cars with engines in working volume of 1,1 and 1,3 l
|
Fig. 2.267. Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment of the engine in working volume of 1,3 l: 1 – a lining of a final collector; 2 – a final collector; 3 – a heat-shielding casing of a final collector
|
Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment of the engine in working volume of 1,3 l, are shown on fig. 2.267.
|
Fig. 2.268. Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment of the engine in working volume of 1,1 l: 1 – a lining of a final collector; 2 – a final collector; 3 – a heat-shielding casing of a final collector; 4 – the gauge of concentration of oxygen
|
Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment of the engine in working volume of 1,1 l, are shown on fig. 2.268.
Check of a technical condition
Check up a final collector (fig. 2.269) on absence of damages or cracks.
Check up a lining of a final collector (fig. 2.270) on absence отслаивания or damages.
|
Fig. 2.271. A reception pipe and mufflers of system of release: 1 – a lining of a reception pipe of mufflers; 2 – a pillow of a suspension bracket of a reception pipe of mufflers; 3 – the additional muffler; 4 – the basic muffler
|
The reception pipe and mufflers of system of release are shown on fig. 2.271.
|
THE PREVENTION
Removal and check of details of system of release spend only on cold system.
|
Removal
Disconnect the basic muffler from additional (fig. 2.272).
Remove the basic muffler, having disconnected suspension bracket pillows.
Disconnect the additional muffler from the basic muffler.
Remove the additional muffler, having disconnected a suspension bracket pillow.
Disconnect каталитический neutralizer from a reception pipe of mufflers.
Disconnect a reception pipe of mufflers from каталитического neutralizer (on the engine working on неэтилированном gasoline) or from a final collector (on the engine working on этилированном gasoline).
Turn away a bolt of a collar of fastening of a reception pipe of mufflers and a nut of its fastening.
Check of a technical condition
Check up mufflers and pipes on absence of corrosion and damages.
Check up pillows of a suspension bracket and tape collars on absence of cracks and ageing signs.
Installation
Establish каталитический neutralizer, a reception pipe of mufflers, the additional muffler and the basic muffler as transfer and temporarily fix them.
Tighten fastenings of elements of system of release, watching that they did not concern bodies.
Cars with engines in working volume of 1,5 and 1,6 l
|
Fig. 2.273. Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment: 1 – a lining of a final collector; 2 – a final collector; 3 – the gauge of concentration of oxygen; 4 – каталитический neutralizer; 5 – a heat-shielding casing of a final collector
|
Elements of system of the release, located in a motor compartment, are shown on fig. 2.273.
|
Fig. 2.274. A reception pipe and mufflers of system of release: 1 – a lining of a reception pipe of mufflers; 2 – pillows of a suspension bracket of a reception pipe of mufflers; 3 – the additional muffler; 4 – the basic muffler
|
The reception pipe and mufflers of system of release are shown on fig. 2.274.
Removal
Disconnect the basic muffler from additional (fig. 2.275), having turned away a nut of fastening and having taken out bolts.
Remove the basic muffler, having disconnected suspension bracket pillows.
Disconnect the additional muffler from the basic muffler and a reception pipe of mufflers (fig. 2.276).
Remove the additional muffler, having disconnected a suspension bracket pillow.
Turn away bolts of collars of fastening of a reception pipe of mufflers and a nut of its fastening to каталитическому to neutralizer (fig. 2.277).
Turn away a bolt of fastening of a reception pipe to the additional muffler.
Installation
Establish a reception pipe of mufflers, additional and basic mufflers in the listed order, temporarily fix them.
Tighten fastenings of elements of system of release, watching that they did not concern bodies.
|
THE PREVENTION
Removal and check of details of system of release spend only on cold system.
|
Check of tightness of system of release of the fulfilled gases
On cars with regulated каталитическим neutralizer absence of tightness of connections of system of release in front of the gauge of concentration of oxygen can lead to following malfunctions:
– Difficulties at engine start-up;
– The engine stops;
– Non-uniform work of the engine idling;
– Jerks at acceleration.
|
THE PREVENTION
Check condition – the engine cold or hand temperatures. The source of compressed air is necessary for check.
|
Start up the engine and hear on the working engine to system of release of the fulfilled gases on absence of leaks of the fulfilled gases.
Stop the engine.
Insert a pistol of a source of compressed air (compressor) into an exhaust pipe and condense with a rag.
Establish pressure of compressed air 6 bar. Include a pistol.
Cover with means for definition of places of leaks of a junction of a head of the block of cylinders and a final collector, a final collector and a reception pipe of the muffler, a reception pipe of the muffler and каталитического neutralizer and check up on formation of vials.
Eliminate infringements негерметичности release systems.
Cars with каталитическим neutralizer in system of release of the fulfilled gases
Cars Hyundai serially equip каталитическим with neutralizer. At its presence use неэтилированного gasoline is obligatory. Cars with operated каталитическим neutralizer, besides, should be equipped by the device regulated смесеобразования.
The device regulated смесеобразования is understood as system of injection of fuel in which a parity fuel/air can constantly change depending on service conditions and the oxygen maintenance in the fulfilled gases.
The device смесеобразования receives commands of management from the gauge of concentration of oxygen (ljambda-probe) which is established before каталитическим neutralizer or in a final collector and is blown by a stream of the fulfilled gases. The Ljambda-probe is the electric gauge which is registering the residual maintenance of oxygen in fulfilled gases and giving out the corresponding electric signal. The signal size allows to draw a conclusion on structure топливовоздушной mixes. In fractions of a second the ljambda-probe can give out a corresponding signal on the electronic block of management, at the expense of it the mix structure can constantly be corrected. It, on the one hand, is necessary, as service conditions (for example, full gas, idling), on the other hand, because constantly change
Optimum reburning occurs in каталитическом neutralizer only in that
Case if in the fulfilled gases there is enough of particles of carbon (not burnt down gasoline).
So that at temperature 300–800 °С in каталитическом neutralizer in general there could be a reburning, in the fulfilled gases should contain большее quantity of fuel, than it is required for full combustion in engine cylinders. In this connection at operation of the car equipped with the engine with каталитическим by neutralizer, the fuel expense increases approximately by 5 %. Katalitichesky neutralizer is in a motor compartment of the car on a place of the forward muffler. Neutralizer consists of the ceramic cellular block covered with noble metal-catalyst – platinum or rhodium. For fastening of the ceramic block sensitive to blows the elastic heat resisting wire grid is used.
Used каталитический neutralizer represents so-called three-componental каталитический neutralizer. It means that in it simultaneously there is an oxidation окиси carbon (WITH) both hydrocarbons (СН) and maintenance decrease оксидов nitrogen (NOx).
Service regulations of cars with каталитическим neutralizer in system of release of the fulfilled gases
To avoid damage of the gauge of concentration of oxygen (ljambda-probe) and каталитического neutralizer, it is necessary to follow following instructions.
It is obligatory to refuel неэтилированным gasoline.
If it has been by mistake filled in этилированное fuel, it is necessary to replace a final collector and каталитический neutralizer. Before installation of new elements of system of release not less than two times it is necessary to fill completely a fuel tank неэтилированным with gasoline.
Start-up of the heated-up engine by pushing or towage is inadmissible. It is necessary to use an electric cable for engine start-up. Not burnt down fuel at ignition can lead to an overheat каталитического neutralizer and to its subsequent destruction.
It is necessary to avoid the frequent cold start-up following one after another. Otherwise in каталитическом neutralizer not burnt down fuel which is burning down at heating with explosion gathers, neutralizer is thus damaged.
At difficulties at start-up of the engine let's to a starter work long as during start-up there is a fuel injection. It is necessary to find and eliminate malfunction, and then to start up the engine.
At faults in work of system of ignition before definition of a cause of defect do not suppose fuel injection at engine start-up.
Do not check spark presence at the removed tip of a spark plug.
It is impossible to spend balance-test switching-off of a high-voltage wire of ignition of one of cylinders. At a detachment of a high-voltage wire of ignition of the separate cylinder, even by means of the special tester, not burnt down fuel will get in каталитический neutralizer.
At faults in work of system of ignition avoid work of the engine with high frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft. Eliminate malfunction as soon as possible.
Do not park the car on the dried up foliage or a grass. The temperature of system of release of the fulfilled gases in an installation site каталитического neutralizer very high, heat radiation occurs even after engine deenergizing.
At engine oil pouring it is necessary to watch that the oil maximum level on щупу has not been exceeded. Otherwise its surplus can get in каталитический neutralizer and damage a covering or completely destroy it.
Useful data and councils
How to save neutralizer
Replacement of the refused neutralizer will manage недешево, therefore it is good in advance the nobility as business with neutralizers in the market of automobile spare parts is and what problems arise at their operation.
Until recently we knew about neutralizer only the following: it is such piece which not clearly what for is necessary, it is not clear as works, our gasoline "kills" her, in general one troubles. To cut out – and any problems! But gradually we have started to get used to that neutralizer – a thing all the same reasonably useful, at least thoughts on «surgical intervention» in system of release of the fulfilled gases visit all less often and the lesser quantity of goals.
In the spring when employees of traffic police begin «struggle for cleanliness of air», one more problem falls down us – it is necessary to adjust WITH. Owners of the cars equipped with neutralizers, do not reflect on it at all, and posts of check WITH pass without a shiver in knees and fear for the purse. However, the same purse can decently "grow thin" for other reason. Penalties for excess of level WITH will seem cheap in comparison with expenses on purchase and neutralizer replacement if it fails. That is why it is necessary to know, how with it to address, and for this purpose at first it is necessary to understand, as it is arranged and as works.
As neutralizer works
At combustion топливовоздушной mixes a number of the unhealthy person of products – оксид carbon is formed (WITH), various hydrocarbons (СН) and оксиды nitrogen (NО) and so forth Despite the fact that what these substances and make only 1 % of total amount of an exhaust (the rest is a nitrogen, dioxide of carbon and water steam), they are very harmful and neutralisation demand. There are some ways of struggle against harmful components of an exhaust, for example mix pauperisation on which the engine works, or рециркуляция the fulfilled gases, but any of them will not be compared by efficiency to result of work каталитического neutralizer.
As experts speak, каталитический neutralizer is a simple device in which there is a difficult chemical process. In the case from stainless steel there is ceramic or metal "brick" with cellular structure. At this monolith the huge area of a surface, and all it is covered by the most thin layer of a special alloy – actually the catalyst containing platinum, rhodium and a palladium. These rare metals are responsible for wonderful properties of neutralizer, they define its high cost.
The fulfilled gases "wash" a monolith surface, and when the temperature reaches "critical" value +270 °С, reaction begins каталитическая. Оксид carbon turns to dioxide (carbonic gas), hydrocarbons – in water and besides in carbon dioxide, and оксиды nitrogen – in water and nitrogen. All it for environment less harmfully.
Katalitichesky neutralizers are capable to reduce effectively enough toxicity of an exhaust, thus they practically do not influence consumption of fuel and capacity of the engine. In the presence of neutralizer return pressure of an exhaust from what the engine loses 2–3 h.p., but it almost all "payment" for clearing of the fulfilled gases slightly increases. However installation каталитического neutralizer – not the ideal decision. Theoretically it should serve infinitely as aforementioned metals serve only as the catalyst which at chemical reaction, as it is known, is not spent. In practice life expectancy of neutralizer has a limit...
Neutralizer causes of a failure
Refusal каталитического neutralizer can occur for the several reasons though usually it is process gradual, to catch which without the special equipment it is impossible.
"Core" of the majority of neutralizers is made of ceramics – a material known for the fragility. The car can get for the speed to a hollow, hit about something or even is simple to "strike" the neutralizer case on a stone from what каталитический "brick" can burst. After that loss by "core" of the working qualities – time business.
The neutralizers of new generation containing a metal monolith, are not so vulnerable in this respect. To break them, of course, it is possible, but anyway it not so is simple.
Except physical destruction, there is one more frequent reason of an exit of neutralizer out of operation – fuel. It is extremely sensitive to fuel structure. If gasoline этилированный тетраэтилсвинец, containing in it, it is postponed on an active surface каталитического "brick" and quickly "pollutes" it from what any reactions stop., Apparently, on refuellings and tips of hoses put the different size, and distributing columns paint in different colours, and write about it at every turn, and all the same consumers sometimes confuse and fill in not that gasoline. And after all it is enough to "burn" half-tank of such gasoline to "kill" neutralizer.
But not only этилированный gasoline – the enemy of neutralizer. It can be ruined and неэтилированным if the control system of the engine is faulty, not completely burns down топливовоздушная a mix or the engine it is worn strongly out.
Threefold каталитические neutralizers ("threefold" because as the catalyst set of three metals serves) establish only on those cars which engines are equipped by the closed monitoring system of an exhaust. Before neutralizer the gauge of concentration of oxygen which estimates structure of the fulfilled gases is established and transfers this data in the central block of an electronic control system of the engine. Depending on the oxygen maintenance in gases the central block regulates structure of a gas mixture and ignition so that their optimum values were supported. It serves as the main protection of neutralizer and provides economy of fuel, high profitability of the engine. Neutralizer does not transfer the big deviations to this or that party as a part of a mix. Badly adjusted engine with the raised maintenance of hydrocarbons in an exhaust simply ruins neutralizer. Too poor mix can cause a sharp overheat of neutralizer from what the monolith, only already "physically" again will suffer. Thus, neutralizer "life" depends on serviceability of a control system of the engine.
Much depends and on serviceability of the most oxygen gauge. With "age" it becomes "lazy" or absolutely fails that affects structure of a working mix and according to serviceability of neutralizer.
Spoil neutralizer the exhaust of strongly worn out engine churning butter can also. The last, getting together with an exhaust to neutralizer, "is baked" on a monolith surface, like a varnish, and does not allow to neutralizer to work.
There are also other harmful factors. For example, candles. Improper candles will not give full combustion that can cause pernicious reaction of fusion in neutralizer.
Be cautious at use of additives to gasoline or engine oil. The majority of drivers on it do not reflect, and after all additives too can influence neutralizer harmfully. If on a product it is not written «it is compatible with каталитическим neutralizer», do not risk better.
One more dangerous case – start-up of the engine by towage. Thus there can be a hit in neutralizer of pure gasoline. It poisons neutralizer, and also can cause instant reaction and even explosion.
Still watch where go, try not to get to deep pools. The working temperature of neutralizer makes nearby +900 °С. Its sudden hit in water can be fatal.
As a whole it is noticed that neutralizer service life is influenced also by service conditions. Neutralizers by the cars maintained in a city mode when the engine often start up more suffer and stop. Nevertheless at long driving with high speed in the country neutralizer also suffers, but already from an overheat.
At last, you arrive reasonably if begin to examine regularly release system. If arms are broken or rubber pillows of a suspension bracket of mufflers have fallen off, the exhaust pipe will vibrate, transferring to neutralizer unnecessary loadings.